The deduction is represented by a 3 circle Venn diagram. Premises and the logical consequence are represented by 2 circle Venn diagrams.
The left circle stands for S, the top circle for M, and the right circle for P.
Areas marked in black are empty - there are no elements in these areas.
In red areas there is at least one element, represented by an x.
White areas are not important for the deduction, and nothing is told about them. There may be elements or not.
Minä, tämän teoksen tekijänoikeudellinen omistaja, julkaisen tämän teoksen public domainiin eli luovun kaikista tekijänoikeuksista lain sallimissa puitteissa. Tämä on voimassa maailmanlaajuisesti. Joissain maissa laki ei mahdollista tätä. Mikäli näin on: Myönnän kenelle tahansa oikeuden käyttää tätä teosta mihin tahansa tarkoitukseen, ilman mitään ehtoja, ellei laki vaadi ehtojen asettamista.
This table shows 14 essentially different syllogisms represented by their Euler diagrams in the top row.
Below it shows all 24 syllogisms represented by Venn diagrams, ordered by figure, in the rows below.
Syllogisms with the same diagrams are in the same column.
The border between columns is left out when the diagrams are each others reflections.
Syllogisms with affirmative conclusions are on the left side, and those with negative conclusions are on the right side.